Miller



N. B. MILLER.

PACKING FOR PlsToN Rons,P1uNGERs, P|sTONs,&c. APPLICATION FILED JULY 8.19I8.

PatentedAug. 19,1919.

'y @woef/Lto@ pointed out said application being UNITED" s'rATEs ralnn'l OFFICE.

NORMAN BRUCE MILLER, NEW YORK, NQY.

PACKING'FOB PISTON-RODS, PIJUNGERS, PISTONS, &0.

Specication of Letters Patent.'

Application led July 8, 1918. Serial N0. 243,753.

'object of this invention is to provide a packingwhich may be easily and cheaply manufactured, which will be durable, and which will be more uniformly effective than packings heretofore used.

A further object' is to provide a packing of such construction that when in use the entire mass thereof will tendto spread out in fan-like fashion under `the pressure of steam, or the like, endeavoring to pass the packing. A further object is to provide a packing which will satisfactorily serve its pur ose whether the packing be placed in the stu g boxl in either one of two dierent positions relative to the direction of pressure.

A further object is to provide a packing made up of two halves with a resilient cushion between them, all connected as a single heterogeneous mass.

A further object is to construct the halves so that, when pressure is applied in use, `the component parts of the halves tend to spread out in fan-like fashion, the resilient cushion/ between the halves serving to facilitate such spreading and thereby holding the outer surfaces of the halves tightly in engagement with the opposing surfaces of the shaft and stuliing box.

A further object is to so construct the packing that the halves thereof will be effectively held against posslble slipping relative to each other in use.

Other objects and, aims of the invention, more or less specific than those referredto above, lwill be in part obvious and in part .in the course of the following description of the elements, combinations, arrangements of parts and applications of principles constituting the lnvention; and the scope of protection contemplated will be indicated in the appended claims.

In the accompanying'drawings whichv are tobe taken as a part of this specification,

`and in which l have shown-'merely apre- .ferred form'of embodiment of the inven.

tion

Figure 1 is a transverse sectional view,

partly in perspective, of a packing constructed in accordance with this invention.

Patented Aug. 19, 1919.

vso

Fig. 2 is a similar View illustrating a modication.

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view through a stulling box showing the packing of Fig. 1 positioned therein as in use.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to that shown in Fig. 3 but illustrating the packing arran ed in a different position within the st ng box, and

Fig. 5 is a view similar to that shown in Flg. 1, but showing the halves of the packing separated to receive the resilient cushion' between them.

Referring to the drawings, and particu-- larly to Figs. 1, 3, 4 and 5, fordescribing in detail the structure which is illustrated therein, the reference characters L and G indicate the two halves of the packing. The reference character H indicates the resilient cushion positioned between the halves L and G.

The halves L and G are each of a laminated construction, being made up of alternate layers 'of relatively stiff material l1,' such as canvas or the like, and relatively resilient material 2, such as rubber'cr the like.

-The material 1 may .be either a close woven, or. a loose woven, fabric, it'may be either of wire, cotton, or asbestos, or other suitable like material, or it may be sheet metal, perforated or otherwise.

The materiali! may be any compositionof rubber, or the like, and it is preferably of a consistency `such that it adheres to thev material 1 and combines the whole into asingle heterogeneous mass. 1,

In a structure in 'whichthe material 1 consists of canvas, andthe material 2 consists of rubber vulcanized into and between tl1\e layers of canvas,.a very desirable and efective result is obtained;v i Y As clearly seen in Fig. 1, the layers or laminations are given an angular disposition, the laminationsof the two halves extending in-Y lanes substantially at right-'angles to e other and converging.- in the plane of the cushion -'H.

The line olf-convergence between the layers of the twov` halves thus occupies a plane sub'- stantially .midway between and approximately parallel to the top and bottom flat surfaces of the, body. The aterials forming the layers throughout t e greater portion of the body are of uniform Width, that is, they extend from the cushion H to the top and bottom surfaces of the body (or are continuous between thetop and bottom surfaces of the body as in Fig. 2). In addition, there are layers at the right and left hand sides of the' body which are of successively decreasing Width disposed to complete the rectangular contour of the body.

The material forming the layers in all cases'continues uninterruptedly throughv the exterior surface of the -body so as to constitute the friction, or like, surface to engage the shaft or the Wall of the stuiiing box.

The cushion H is made u of material similar to that above describe for the material 2. Also, like the material 2, it preferably consists of rubber suitably vulcanized to thehal-ves L and G so as to comb-ine the Whole into a single structure, the cushionl serving in this rescpect as a kind of cement for this punpose.

Viewing-Fig. 1, squeezing action in al horizontal` direction will spready the lamin so that the angle defined between the laminae of the two halves Will become more obtuse uniformly throughout the entire mass and the thickness of the packing'from top to` 'bottom will be thereby increased uniformly throughout.

Sdueezingpressure in a vertical direction in sai'd figure, Wil'l`reduce the angle and cause the mass of the packing to spread in a 'horizontal direction.

I'n'use thepackin'g constructed as just described, is' arranged Within the stuiing fbox, as fs'hovvn in Fig. '3, the diverging laminas beingy preferably disposed in thedirection from`which steam, or the like pressure's" exerted. 'In Fig. 3 this pressure is exerted upon the right'hand end, as 3, of the packing, as indidated vby the arrow-s. The pressure is resisted by engagement of thepalc'king with the gland, 4. The result is thati the pressure of thesteam at the end 3' causes thediverging lann'nae to spread' fan-like substantially uniformly through' out the entire mass of the packing, and to thereby engage more firmly with theopposing`W-alls of the sh'aft and stuing, box. This is due to the fact that, as the laminas Spread, or tends' to' spread, the packing tends tobecome thicker, the resilient material 2, and the somewhat resilient nature of the material 1, readily permitting all necessary desirable spreading. The cushion is cbmpressedbetvveen 'the halves of the packing-"that is, between -the converging ends, oredges of the -lam-n', and in turn exerts its pent-up force against 'the' laminae .to'urge Vthem'against the Walls of the shaft d/,bz'

As shown in Fig. 4, the packing may be.

positioned with the diverging laminas all directed toward the shaft. This arrange'- ment is quite effective. IThe steam pressure against the surface 5, being resisted by the gland surface, causes the various layers of the packing to squeeze together and thereby to make the angular relation of the laminas of the several grouips more acute,

thus forcing the packing more tightly against the opposingwalls of the shaft and lIn order to prevent any possible creepage.

ofy one ofthe halves, .as L, of thepacking., relatively toy the other half, as G, When the packing is in use,'the opposing surfaces of the halves are preferablyformed with longi- 1 `i-udinally extending mating corrugations, as

7 and 8, which. pressing against the opposite surfaces of. the cushion H, cause the cushion to, in turn, 'become corrugated. The.

layers of canvas, or the like,as 1, in each of the halves, preferably extend one into. each of. the raised portions of the corrugations, as clearly seenfin'Fig. 5, so that saidA raised portions are reinforced. and. are caused to embed themselves into the cushion H1 and relatively into the depressed portions of.- the corrugati-ons ofthe opposite half, rWhen excessive pressure is applied. All likelihood of creepage is thus effectual-ly avoided;

The modification Fig. 2 illustrates a packing which operates upon thesame principle as that above described and which may be used in precisely the same Way. r,in this modication the laminas are given. sulbstan.- tially the same angular disposition as in the structure 'already described but they are.

made continuous through the center off the packing and the cushion H is omitted. In many respects this packing is as effective. and satisfactory as that above described.

It should be added that, Where necessary,

one or more layers of the fabric, or rubber.,

or both, may be peeled oil'l When it is desired to more or less alter the contour of. the packing' to accommodate it to stuiing boxes of different shapes. This is very important, as the efficiency of a packing depends ma terially upon the t thereof. Within the packm l x s many changes could'be made in. this construction without departing from the scope of the invention as deneddn the. following claims, it is intended that al1 matter contained lin the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings, shall be interpreted as illustrative only and not 1n a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention, what I claimas new and desire to secure by Letters Paten-t is 1. A packing comprising a body rectangular in cross sectionmade up throughout of alternate layers of relatively sti and relatively resilient material, said layers continuing through opposite exterior surfaces of the body and said layers at one side of the body being disposed in convergent relation in convergent relation to all of said members 'of the other half..

8. packing comprising a single'heterogeneous mass made up of two halves, each of rectangular cross section, each half consisting throughout of a plurality of alternate layers of rubber and fabric, the layers of the two halves being arranged in convergent relation to each other, and a rubber cushion disposed between the halves and being connected thereto for holdingI the halves together to complete a body rectangular in cross section for use in the manner set forth. A i

4. A packing made up of two halves, each half consisting throughout of a plurality of alternate layers of rubber and fabric, Athe layers of thel two halves being arranged in convergent relation to each other, the adjacent surfaces of the two halves being roughened, and means connecting said roughened surfaces together.

5. Apacking made up of two halves, each half consisting throughout of a plurality of alternate layers ofrubber and fabric, the Vlayers of the two halves being arranged/in convergent relation -to each other, the adja- Acent surfacesof the two halves being roughened, and a cushion member being received between and connected to said vroughened surfaces to hold saiduhalves together.

.6. A packing made up of two halves, each half consisting throughout of aplurality of alternate layers of rubber .and fabric, the layers of the two halves being arranged in convergent relation to each other, the adjacent surfaces of the two halves being corrugated and having the fabric extending into the raised portions of the corrugations to reinforce said raised portions, together with means connecting said corrugated *surfaces together. i Y

7 A packing made up of alternate layers of suitable material, the layers being arranged in an angular disposition and being connected together ina manner so that one` f o'r more layers thereof may be peeled off to alter the exterior contour of the packing.

8. A packing comprising a single heterogeneous body rectangular in cross section and being made up throughout of alternate layers of dierent materials, said layers at one side of the body being disposed in convergent relation to the layers at the opposite side of the body with the line of convergence extending substantially parallel between opposi-te sides of the body,'the layers being of substantially uniform width throughout the greater portion of the body and there being layers of successively decreasing width dis-- posed to complete the rectangular contour of the body.

9. A packing comprising a single'heteroi geneous body rectangularv in cross section and being made up of twohalves each of rectangular contour, a cushion .disposed between said halves a nd connected thereto, said halves each conslsting of alternate layers of different materials, the layers being l of substantially uniform width throughout thev greater portion of each of said halves,

there' being layers of vsuccessively decreasing width disposed to complete the rectangular contour of each half, and the layers of said two halves being disposed in convergent relation to each other.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature( fin the presence of two witnesses.

NURMAN BRUCEMILLER.

Witnesses:

L. Gnssronn HANDY,

S. J.AUM1LLER. 

